SELENIUM Keyboard Events in selenium using Action class with Java

KeyBoard Events in Selenium:

When selenium Webdriver is used, browser controls and application types of the WebDriver by reference variables, meaning that the WebDriver reference variable can identify any web element on the page.

But it does not have the ability to handle all keyboard and mouse events such as right-click, drag and drop, clickAndHold etc.

Ways To Handle Keyboard Keys:

Handle Keyboard Keys using Action class.
Handle Keyboard Keys using sendkeys chord.
Handle Keyboard keys using Robot class.

1. Handle Keyboard Keys using Action class:

Actions Class Method for Keyboard:

keyDown and keyUp are the main methods in KeyBoard Events in Selenium Webdriver Actions class.

public Actions keyDown(Keys theKey) : Performs a modifier key press (SHIFT,Keys.ALT or Keys.CONTROL) to Handle keyDown operation.

public Actions keyDown(WebElement element, Keys theKey) : Performs a modifier key press (SHIFT,Keys.ALT or Keys.CONTROL) after focusing on an element perform keyDown using WebElement.

public Actions keyUp(Keys theKey) : Performs a modifier key release (SHIFT,Keys.ALT or Keys.CONTROL) to Handle keyUp operation.

public Actions keyUp(WebElement element, Keys theKey) : performs a modifier key release after focusing on an element to perform keyUp operation.

public Actions sendKeys(java.lang.CharSequence… keysToSend) : The key sends the active element to the key, it is actively different from calling sendKeys two passes (CharSequence…) on an active element in two ways: Modifiers are not included in this call, and no one is able to focus the element again. Do not try. Then we will send some sendKeys(Keys.TAB) to switch the elements.

public Actions sendKeys(WebElement element, java.lang.CharSequence… keysToSend) : Sends keys to the given element using sendKeys.

Handle Single Keyboard Key using Action class:

Press ENTER using sendKeys with the help of Action Class.

Actions action = new Actions(driver);

action.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();

Actions action = new Actions(driver);

action.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();

Handle multiple Keyboard keys using Actions class:

Actions action = new Actions(driver);

action.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys("a").keyUp(Keys.CONTROL).perform();

Actions action = new Actions(driver);

action.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys("a").keyUp(Keys.CONTROL).perform();

Example: Handle Single / Multiple Keys using Action class:

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class KeyBoard_Action_Events {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.stqatools.com");

// Create object of Action class
Actions action = new Actions(driver);

// Sendkeys using Action class object
action.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();

// Send mulyiple keys using action class
action.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys("a").keyUp(Keys.CONTROL).perform();

}

}

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class KeyBoard_Action_Events {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.stqatools.com");

// Create object of Action class

Actions action = new Actions(driver);

// Sendkeys using Action class object

action.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();

// Send mulyiple keys using action class

action.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys("a").keyUp(Keys.CONTROL).perform();

}

2. Handle Keyboard Keys using sendkeys chord:

Handle Single Keyboard Key using Sendkeys:

driver.findElement(By.xpath(“ele_path”)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

1	driver.findElement(By.xpath(“ele_path”)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

Handle multiple Keyboard keys using chord:

When we want to Press multiple keys that time we use chord.

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//body")).sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, "a"));

1	driver.findElement(By.xpath("//body")).sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, "a"));

Example: Handle Single / Multiple Keys using Sendkeys / Chord:

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class KeyBoard_Sendkeys_Events {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.marionette", "C:\\geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.stqatools.com");

// Send single key using sendkeys
driver.findElement(By.xpath("ele_path")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

// Handle multiple keys using chord
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//body")).sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, "a"));

}

}

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class KeyBoard_Sendkeys_Events {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.marionette", "C:\\geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.stqatools.com");

// Send single key using sendkeys

driver.findElement(By.xpath("ele_path")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

// Handle multiple keys using chord

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//body")).sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, "a"));

}

3. Handle Keyboard keys using Robot class.

Handle Keyboard keys using Robot class:

In Robot Class using keyPress Method we handle KeyBoard events.

// Create Robot class
Robot rb = new Robot();

// Press control keyboard key
rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

// Press A keyboard key
rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_A);

// Create Robot class

Robot rb = new Robot();

// Press control keyboard key

rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

// Press A keyboard key

rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_A);

Example of Handle Keyboard keys using Robot class:

import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class KeyBoard_Robot_Events {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.stqatools.com");

// Create Robot class
Robot rb = new Robot();

// Press control keyboard key
rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

// Press A keyboard key
rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_A);

}

}

import java.awt.Robot;

import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class KeyBoard_Robot_Events {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.stqatools.com");

// Create Robot class

Robot rb = new Robot();

// Press control keyboard key

rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

// Press A keyboard key

rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_A);

}

Selenium Keyboard Events Example and Handling Keyboard Actions in Selenium WebDriver and Handle Keyboard Keys using Action class and Handle Keyboard Keys using sendkeys