JAVA for Selenium Webdriver | Java Tutorials for Selenium WebDriver

Java for Selenium WebDriver

Java is a programming language created by Sun Microsystems and discharged in 1995.
It was initially created by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which has since converged into Oracle Corporation).
The most recent arrival of the Java Standard Edition is Java SE 9.
The goal of Java is to write a software once and then run this application on more than one working systems.
Oracle keeps this venture known as OpenJDK.

Java is a popular programming language that is extensively used for developing software applications and web applications. One of the most common applications of Java is in test automation using Selenium. In this blog, we will explore the role of Java in Selenium and how it is used for test automation.

Selenium is an open-source test automation framework that is widely used for automating web applications. It allows testers to write automated tests for web applications using various programming languages such as Java, Python, C#, Ruby, and more. However, Java is the most preferred language for Selenium automation.

Java offers several benefits for Selenium automation:

Platform Independence: Java is platform-independent, which means that the code written in Java can run on any platform or operating system. This makes it easy to write tests that can be run on different browsers and operating systems.
Object-Oriented Programming: Java is an object-oriented programming language that allows testers to create reusable code, which can be easily maintained and modified.
Robustness: Java is a robust language that provides features like exception handling, garbage collection, and strong type-checking, which makes it less prone to errors and crashes.
Large Community: Java has a large community of developers who regularly contribute to open-source projects like Selenium. This ensures that there are plenty of resources and support available for Selenium automation with Java.

Divided into three categories, they are

J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition)
J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition)
J2ME (Java 2 Micro or Mobile Edition)

There are four main types of applications

Web Application:

Java is utilized to make server-side web applications. Presently, servlet, JSP, struts, JSF and so forth advancements are utilized.

Standalone Application:

It is otherwise called desktop application or window-based application.
An application that we have to introduce on each machine or server, for example, media player, antivirus and so forth.
AWT and Swing are utilized as a part of Java for making independent applications.

Enterprise Application:

An application that is distributed in nature, for example, managing an account application and so on.
It has the benefit of high-level security, load balancing, and clustering.
In Java, EJB is utilized for making enterprise applications.

Mobile Application:

Is utilized to make application programming’s for cell phones.
At present Java, ME is utilized for making applications for little gadgets, and furthermore modifying dialect for Google Android application improvement.

Main Features of JAVA

Platform independent language.
Object Oriented language.
Simple.
Robust Language.
Secure.
Distributed.
Multi-threading.
Portable.

Object-oriented Programming :

Object-oriented Programming is a way of implementation in which applications are prepared as cooperative series of objects, each of which represents an example of a class, and whose lessons are all members of a hierarchy of instructions united through inheritance relationships.

OOP’s Concept in Java For Selenium WebDriver:

Encapsulation :

Encapsulation is the manner of compartmentalizing the factors of an abstraction that constitute its structure and conduct; encapsulation serves to split the contractual interface of an abstraction and its implementation.

Hides the implementation information of a class.
Forces the consumer to apply an interface to get entry to information.
Makes the code extra maintainable.

Abstraction :

Abstraction denotes the important characteristics of an object that distinguish it from all other kinds of objects and for that reason provide crisply described conceptual barriers, relative to the perspective of the viewer.

Polymorphism :

Polymorphism is the lifestyles of the classes or techniques in extraordinary bureaucracy or unmarried call denoting one of a kind implementations.

Inheritance :

Inheritance is the technique by means of which one object acquires the properties of some other object.

Why Java for Selenium WebDriver

Great help for Selenium with Java, You can get more help archives and usage from the Internet.
The larger part of Selenium Testers utilizing on Java, so information sharing is simple.
Is a platform independent language, we can utilize it in any Operating environment.

How much Java is required for Selenium?

For test Automation core java for selenium expertise is sufficient.

OOP’s concept’s for Selenium: Class, Objects, Polymorphism, Inheritance, and Encapsulation.
Java Programming essentials for Selenium: Object Instances, method overloading /overriding concepts and packages.
Control Statements for Selenium: While, Do-While, Switch, If statements.

To use Java with Selenium, you need to have a basic understanding of Java programming concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism. You also need to have an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) such as Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA installed on your system.

Once you have set up your IDE and created a Java project, you need to add the Selenium Java bindings to your project. The Selenium Java bindings are a set of Java classes that provide the API for Selenium automation. You can download the Selenium Java bindings from the Selenium website or add them to your project using a build tool like Maven.

Once you have added the Selenium Java bindings to your project, you can start writing Selenium tests in Java. Here’s a sample code for a basic Selenium test in Java:

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class MyTest {
       public static void main(String[] args) {

       // set system property for ChromeDriver
       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");

       // create a new ChromeDriver instance
       WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

       // navigate to the website
       driver.get("https://www.google.com");

      // close the browser
      driver.quit();
  }
}

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class MyTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// set system property for ChromeDriver

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");

// create a new ChromeDriver instance

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

// navigate to the website

driver.get("https://www.google.com");

// close the browser

driver.quit();

}

In this example, we are creating a new instance of the ChromeDriver class and using it to navigate to the Google website. Finally, we are closing the browser using the quit() method.

In conclusion, Java is a powerful programming language that is widely used for Selenium automation. It offers several benefits, including platform independence, object-oriented programming, robustness, and a large community of developers. With a basic understanding of Java and the Selenium Java bindings, you can write automated tests for web applications with ease.

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